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Lebanon

Dynamics of water use in Lebanon by estimates of SHI (1998)

 
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2010
2025
                 
Popultion, mln *
2.08
2.47
2.67
2.74
2.97
3.22
3.71
4.31
Irrigation area, th.ha **
 
68
86
86
 
101
102
85
Irrigation area, th.ha ***
41
68
86
86
88
     
GNP, $US per capita ****
     
2490
       
Water withdrawal, km 3
0.39
0.65
0.84
1.0
1.38
1.75
2.25
3.0
Water consumption, km 3
0.26
0.42
0.54
0.58
0.86
1.05
1.24
1.49
notes: * - Source: United Nations Organization
** - 1961-1993 Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 1965-1994. Rome: FAO; 1995 – 2025 - SHI 1995 forecast

*** - Source: Gleick, 1998

**** - Source: World Bank / IMF – International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1980-1994. N.Y.: World Bank/IMF
 
 

Water use of Lebanon (km 3 /year) by data of different authors

author
 
year
1975
1985
1990
1994
2000 1)
2000 2)
2025 1)
2025 2)
IIASA
withdrawal
1993
   
0.74
         
WRI
withdrawal
1991-93
0.75
             
WRI
withdrawal
1996-98
0.8
             
WWDS
withdrawal
1998
   
1.15
     
2.0
1.4
UNSY
withdrawal
1992
   
0.74
         
Gleick
withdrawal
1993
0.75
             
Gleick
withdrawal
1998
     
1.29
       
Margat
withdrawal
1990
0.75
     
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.7
Margat
consumption
1990
       
0.63
0.9
0.76
1.17
EnvInd
withdrawal
1992
 
0.86
           
IrNE
withdrawal
1997
     
1.29
       

notes: all estimates include water use for agriculture, industrial & domestic needs;

1) – scenario 1

2) – scenario 2

IIASA – Kulshreshtha S.N., 1993. World Water Resources & Regional Vulnerability: impact of future changes. Luxenburg: IIASA.

WRI – World Resources (1991-1992, 1992-1993, 1994, 1996, 1997-1998 ) – N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press.

WWDS – World Water Resources. Demand & Supply: 1990 to 2025., 1998. Scenarious & Issues. Colombo:IWMI.

UNSY – United National Statistical Yearbook 1992, 39, 1993– N.Y..:UN.

Gleick, 1993 - Water in Crisis. A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources, 1993. Edited by P. Gleick. N.Y. Oxford Univ.Press.

Gleick, 1998 - The World’s Water. The Beneficial Report on Freshwater Resources 1998-1999, 1998, Peter Gleick, Washington, D.C. Covello, California.

Margat, 1990 – Prospects for Water Resourcesand Needs in the Mediterranean Countries, 1990. Contributions of the “Plan Blue”. J. Margat. Paris: EC.

Env.Ind. – Environmental Indicators, 1992. In depth analyses of individual indicators: intensity of use of water resources. Paris, OECD.

IrrNE – Irrigation in the Near East Region in Figures. 1997. Water Report 9. Rome: FAO.